Hukum Keluarga Islam di Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Islamic family law in Saudi Arabia is implemented based on the Qur'an and Sunnah with the Hambali school of thought as the main guideline. Saudi Arabia, as a country with an absolute monarchy system, makes Islam the basis of the state constitution and applies Islamic law in various aspects of life, including family law. In the context of family law, reform is carried out through the reactualization of laws covering marriage, divorce, child custody, inheritance, and endowments. The methodology used is a literature review referring to primary and secondary sources, such as fiqh books, the Saudi Arabian constitution, and academic research related to Islamic family law. This study aims to examine the implementation of Islamic family law in Saudi Arabia, including aspects of marriage, divorce, inheritance, and endowments, and how this country carries out legal reform in a modern context. In conclusion, although Saudi Arabia maintains traditional sharia principles, this country is trying to reactualize Islamic family law to meet the demands of the times. This reflects the balance between Islamic legal tradition and adaptation to the needs of modern society. In addition, marriage law in Saudi Arabia emphasizes the importance of guardianship as a condition for the validity of marriage, while polygamy is permitted with a maximum limit of four wives. Divorce gives unilateral rights to men, while child custody is generally with the father, taking into account the fitness of the parents. There is no specific written law governing family law, so its implementation is highly dependent on the interpretation of the fiqh books of the Hambali school. And inheritance law in Saudi Arabia is not regulated in the form of law but refers directly to the principles of the Qur'an and Sunnah. In terms of waqf this country has a professional waqf management system.